Stoker



M. ALPERN.

STOKER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 18, |915.

Patented J ul'y 12, 1921.

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M. ALPERN.

STOKER.

APPLmATloN FILED Nov..18. |915.

MAXWELL ALPERN,I OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, 'A CORPORATION s'roxnn.

Specification of Letters Patent. yatented July 12, 1921,

Application mea Noyember 1a, 1915. serial No. 62,206.

To all whom t 'may concern.

Be it known that I, MAXWELL ALPERN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphim Pennsylvania, have' invented lcertain Improvements in Stokers, of which 'the following is a specification.

L One object of this invention is to provide a substantial, particularly designed'for use in forced draft 'stokers of the under-feed type, and which while including means for continuously disposing ef the ashes, shall be so constructed as to effectually seal the furnace so asto prevent air or gas flowing out of the same between the point of removal of the ashes from the ash pocket and the point at which the ashes enter said pocket. 4

I also desireI to provide 'means'.for insuring the agitation and continuous flow of ashes into and through the ash pocket of lthe stoker while preventing both the bridging of said pocket by clinkers and the passage of coke through one part of the pocket and the flow of ashes through the other partthereof.

I further desire to prevent the fiow of hot gases under the fuel and ashes'through the ash pocket and clinker breaking device with theconsequent heating and injury to the apparatus; the invention contemplating the provision of an air tight ash pit or chamber adjacent the same, and the delivery thereto of air under a pressure suicient to cause the gases of combustion to iow into the furnace, thus not only preventing heating of the apparatus'but maintaining its parts at a relative'ly low temperature. i

These objects and other advantageous ends I s ecure as hereinafter-visait forth, reference being had to theaccomganying drawings, in which, l f

Figure 1 is a vertical sectionof a stoker with certain associated parts constructed accordingto my invention; f

Fig. 2 is a front elevation, partly 1n section, of a portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on a reduced scale illustrating the invention as applied to a' furnace fed from both ends.

In the above drawings, 1 represents a portion of the bridge'walland 2 and 19 certain of the .framermembers of a Stoker of the efficient. and reliable device` under-feed type having twyers 3 'and grates 4, a wind box 5 and a relatively deep transversely extending ash receiving pocket 6 having one side formed by said bridge wall. The opposite side of Ithis pocket is provided with a series of substantially vertical rocking plates 7 and a transversely extending series of ash feeding or agitating plates 8 .which extend from the top edge of the plates 7 to a fixed plate' 9 adjacent the lowermost of the grates 4.

Extending transversely across the Stoker at the bottom of the ash pocket is a shaft 10 mounted in suitable bearings 11, 12 and 13 andcarrying a toothed roll 14 made in a series of independently removable hollow sectlons each of which is provided with any desired number of inwardly projecting vvebsl h aving square openings fitting squared portionsof. said s haft. Each of the roll sections 1s provlded with a number'of series of teeth 15 of which those of each series are preferably arranged in a line inclined across the surface of its section; the teeth being of tri'- Vangular or wedge-shaped section and mount- .ed with their sharp edges in front. Y.

An inclined guide platev 16 extends up'- wardly and rearwardly from a point adjacent the bottom and rear side of .the roll to- Ward the bridge wall 1, While the swinging plates 7 are hung from their upper edges on a pivot shaft 17 'carried in brackets 15 from one ofthe frame members 19. When so sup-` portedthe lower edges of said plates are at about the level of the center line of the roll 14 and may be moved toward and from the sanie bythe apparatus shown in Fig. 1 or 3. In the former case I connect each of the plates 7 through aflink 20, to an arm 21 xed to a-.transversely extending shaft 22, carried in bearings provided by brackets 23 and having fixed to it a worm wheel 24. Said Worm wheel engages a 4worm 25 mounted 'on the operating shaft 26, and the arrangement is such that plates 7 are swung on or with their shafts 17 so that their lower edges may be spaced any desireddistance awayy from the adjacent surface ofthe toothed roll 14.

It will be noted that a plate 28 extends from the top of the frame member 2 to the bottom of the -wind box 5, so that the ash pit 30 andtherefore the ash pocket are madel when said shaft is turned the.

' air tight. One or more pipes 29 extend from the bottom of the wind box through the partition plate 28 and open within the space immediately to the rear of the plates 8. The 5 discharge end of this pipe is normally held closed by a valve 45 acted on by a weighted lever 31, although said valve is free to automatically open whenever the pressure in the wind box exceeds that in the ash pit by a predetermined amount.

' A `rod 32, reciprocated from 'any desired source and mounted in bearings in the stoker frame, has connected to its inner endan arm 33 fixed to a shaft 34 which also carries a series of arms 35 connected through links 36 with part of the casting constituting the grates 4, and said rod also has fixed to it one or any desired number of clamps 37 either rigidly engaging a rod 38 constituting a link or slidable thereon between two -abutments 39 and 40. The opposite end of this link is connected to an arm 41 fixedy to a shaft 42 extendin transversely of the Stoker andl also having xed to it a plurality of arms 43 movably connected to the feeding or agitating plates 8, it being understood that such `'connection is sufliciently loose to permit oscillation of said arms and the consequent vertical reciprocation of said plates.

Under conditions of operation fuel is delivered to the stoker in the manner characteristic of under feed devices of this class and in its ignited condition is feddown over twyers 3 and grates 4. In order to promote this downward movement, the bar 32 is reciprocated, thus reciprocating the grates 4 upon their supporting structure, a portion of which is indicated at 9. At the same time through the clamp 37, bar 38, and arms 41 and 43, the plates 8 are reciprocated in a vertical plane at'the upper portion of one side of the ash pocket 6. Owing to the trans- V versely toothed or corrugated faces of these plates they not only agitate the material passing into said pocket but serve to positively force it down or feed it.

By means of the shaft 26 the plates 7 may be swung on their supporting shaft 17 toward orjfrom the toothed rolls 14, for which purpose power is transmitted from said shaft through the worm 25, toothed segment 24, shaft 22, arms 21, and links 20. The distance of the lower ends of the plates 7 lfrom the toothed roll is determined by the rate at which it is desired the ashes shall be delivered into the ash vpit 30 by said roll,l which Vis turned in the direction of the arrow Fig. 1, by powerapplied to the shaft preferably through pawls 51' operative upon a ratchet wheel 44 fixed to said shaft.

It is to be understood that the ash pit 30 is practically sealed against the admission of air except what is delivered from the wind box 5 through the pipe 29, and such flow. 06 being under a pressure above the atmosphere,

opens the valve 45 against the action of a weight 46 hung from the lever 31. The hot gases of combustion are therefore'eifectually prevented from passing into the ash pocket or ash pit and so injuriously affecting the mechanism above described, since the air delivered through the pipe 29 is diffused in the ash pit and passes aroundl the members forming one side of the same, cooling the clinkers and metal parts as well as burning out any combustible remaining in the refuse. In addition an adjustable slide or valve 74 is mounted to coperate with an opening in the side of the wind box to regulate the air passj ing from said box into the chamber back of the grates 4, through whose openings 47 it flows into the furnace. This valve may be operated in any desired manner as by a rod 76 and lever 75.

In Fig. 3 I have illustrated certain features of my invention as applied to a double furnace supplied with fuel from twostoker units having a common ash pocket 6, at the bottom of which are mounted two transversely extending toothed rolls 14 of the con- 90 struction previously described. The operating means for each of these rolls consists, as in the case of the mechanism shown in Figs. 1 and 2, of the ratchet wheel 44 fixedv to the shaft 10 and operated on by a pawl 50 carried by an arm 51 mounted to oscillate on said shaft. For this purpose said arm is connected through links 52, v54, 56 and 57, and levers 53 and 55 with a suitable source of power. y

The discharge regulating plates 7, which as before are adjacentl the toothed rolls 14, are connected with a hand lever 58 through a link 59, a lever 60, and a second link 61, being retained in any given position by a 105 paivl 62 and ratchet 63 operative upon the fulcrum spindle of said lever. In this case the transversely ribbed feeding or agitating plates 8 are omitted and the grate casting 4n immediately below the twyers-3 is rela- 110 tively stationary, although its face is pitched at a steeper angle than that of a line tangent to the twyers 3. The wind box 5a has mounted in it a series of valves or dampers lwhereby the flow of air from it into a chamber 71 may be regulated, while the flow from said chamber into the twyer casting 4a is governed by a sliding rod 72 controlled by a rack and pinion operated through a shaft 7 3.

1. The combination of a Stoker having a transversely extending ash pocket of a series of substantially vertical agitating members extending along one vside and' constituting a portion ofthe wall of said pocket; and means 125 for vertically reciprocating said members.

2. The combination in a stoker having a transversely extending ash pocket of a Series of substantially vertical ribbed plates extending along one side of said pocket in position 130 to constitute a portion of one wall thereof; and means for vertically reciprocating said plates.

8. The combination in a Stoker having a transversely extending ash pocket of a series of grates adjacent thereto; a series of substantially vertical agitating members extending along one side of said pocket in position to form a part of ,the wall thereof; and means for simultaneously reciprocating the grates and said members in lines substantially at right angles to each other.

4. The combination in a Stoker having a transversely extending ash pocket of a series of swinging plates constituting a portion of one side of said pocket; and a series of vertically' rec'iprocable agitating members above said plates constituting the remainder of saidlside of the ash pocket.

5. The combination in a Stoker having a transversely extending ash pocket of a Series of swinging plates constituting a portion of one side of said pocket; and a series of vertically reciprocable agitating members above said plates constituting the remainder of said side of the ash pocket; with means `for adjusting the position of said swinging plates; and means for vertically reciprocating said agitating members.

6. The combination in a Stoker having a transversely extending ash pocket of a toothed roll extending longitudinally in the bottom of said pocket; a series of swinging plates'constituting a portion of one side of the ash pocket and adjustable toward and from said roll; with a series of vertically reciprocable agitating members mounted above the plates and constituting the remainder of said side of the ash pocket.

7. The combination in a Stoker of a furnace including a relatively deep narrow ash pocket extending transversely of said stoker; a series of vertically extending plates forming a part of the wall of said pocket; means for pivotally supporting the plates adjacent their upper edges; means for discharging ashes from the bottom of the pocket; and mechanism for swinging the plates toward and from the ash-discharging means to vary the opening between the latter and their lower edges.

8. The combination in a-stoker of a furnace provided with a relatively deep narrow transversely extending ash pocket at its rear portion; a rotary ash-discharging member extending at the bottom of said pocket; a series of vertically extending plates having their lower portions terminating adjacent said ash discharging member; with means for adjusting said plates to vary the distance between them and said member.

9. `The combination in a stoker of a grate structure; a wall extending downwardly therefrom and terminating in a series of substantially vertical plates pivotally `lower portions of said plates from said ashdischarging member.

10. The combination in a stoker having a transversely extending ash pocket, of means for discharging ashes from said pocket; plates movable toward and from said means to vary the size of the ash discharge o ening; means for operating said plates; a substantially air tight casing lsurrounding certain of said parts adjacent the air pocket and communicating with the Stoker furnace; and means for discharging air under pressure to said casing.

11. The combination in a Stoker having a substantially air tight ash pit and a transversel extending ash pocket, of lash discharging means operative in said pocket; a conduit connecting said ash pit with the wind box of the stoker for supplying air to cool said ash discharging means; and a valve normally closing said conduit.

12. The combination in a Stoker of a bridge wall; a plate extending downwardly D and with said wall one side of an ash pocket; a toothed ash discharging roll mounted adjacent said plate at the bottom of the pocket; a series of plates mounted to swing toward and from the roll in position to form a portion of the second side of the pocket; a series of agitating members constituting the remainder of the Second Side of the ash pocket; and means for vertically reciprocating said members.

13. The combination in a stoker of a bridge wall; a plate extending downwardly and forwardly therefrom and constituting with said wall one side of lan ash pocket; a toothed ash discharging roll mounted adjacent said plate at the bottom of the pocket; a series of plates mounted to swing toward and from the roll in position to form a portion of the second side of the pocket; a series of agitating members constituting the remainder of the second side of the ash pocket; means for vertically reciprocating said members; with a series of horizontally reciprocable grates adjacent the upper edge of said agitating members'.

14. The combination in a Stoker having a substantially air tight ash pit and a transversel extending ash pocket, of ash discharging means operative in said pocket; an air supply conduit for said ash pit for supplying air to cool said ash discharging means; and a weighted valve normally closing said Conduit.

forwardly therefrom and constituting 15. The combination in a Stoker having a substantially air-tight ash pit and a transversely extending ash pocket, of ash-discharging means mounted in said pocket; a conduit deliverin air to said ash pit for cooling said ashischarging means; and an automatically acting valve normally closing said conduit.

16. The combination in a Stoker having a substantially air-tight ash pit and a transversely extending ash pocket, of ash-discharging means operative in said pocket; and a conduit connectingsaid ash pit With the Wind box of the Stoker for supplying air to cool said ash dischar ing means.

MAXX ELL ALPERN. 

